TAIWAN
Know as FORMOSA - ''Beautiful Island''
Taiwan is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises 99% of the terrioty of the Republic of China since the 1950s.
Separeted from the Asina continent by the 160km wide Taiwan Strait, the main Island of the group is 394km long and 144 kilometres wide. To the northeast are main Islands of Japan and the East China Sea, and the southern end of the Ryukyu Islands of Japan is directly to the east; the Batanes Islands of the Philippines lie to its south across the Bashi Channel.
The mountainous island spans the Tropic of Cancer and is covered by tropical and subtropical vegetation. Other minor islands and islets of the group include the Penghu Islands (Pescadores), Green Island, and Orchid Island, as well as the Diaoyutai Islands (Senkaku Islands), which have been controlled by Japan since the 1970s.
The island of Taiwan lies some 180 kilometers of the southeastern coast of china, across the Taiwan Strait, and has an area of 35,801 km2
The East china Sea lies to the north, the Philippine Sea to the east, the Luzon Strait directly to the south and the South Cina Sea to the southwest. The island is characterized by the contrast between the eastern two-thirs, consisting mostly of rugged mountains running in five ranges from the northern to the southern tip of the island, and the flat tot gently rolling Chianan Plains in the west that are also home to most of Taiwan's population.
Taiwan's highest point is Yu Shan at 3,952 meters, and there are five other peaks over 3,500 meters. this makes it the world's fourth-highest island.
Taroko National Park, located on the mountainous eastern side of the island, has good examples of montainous terrain, gorges and erosion caused by a swiftly flowing river.
The shape of the main island of Taiwan is similar to a sweet potato seen in a south-to-north direction, and therefore, Taiwanese, especially the min-nan division, often call themselves ''children of the Sweet Potato''. There are also other interpretations of the island shape, one of which is a whale in the ocean if viewed in a west-toeast direction, which is a common orientation in ancient maps, plotted either by Western explorers or the Great Qing.
With its high population density and many factories, some areas in Taiwan suffer from heavy polution. Most notable are the southern suburbs of Taipei and the western stretch from Tainan to Lin Yuan, south of kaohsiung. in the past, Taipei suffered from extensive vehicle and factory air pollution, but with mandatory use of unleaded petrol and the establishment of the environmental Protection Agency, the ari quality of Taiwan has improved dramatically.
Taiwan's population was estimated in 2010 at 23 milion, most of whom are on the island of Taiwan. About 98% of the population is of han chinese ethnicity. of the, 86% are descendants of early han Chinese immigrants kno as the ''benshengren''. The group is often referred to ''native Taiwanese'' in English while the Taiwanese aborigines are also considered as ''native Taiwanese'' freguently.
Mandarin is officially recognized by the Republic of China as the national language and is spoken by the vast majority of residents. About 70% of the people in Taiwan belong to the Hoklo ethnic group and speak both Taiwanese, as their mother tongue, and Mandaring. Mandarin has been the primary language of instruction in schools since the Japanese were forced out in the 1940s.
Over 93% of Taiwanese are adherents of a combination of the polytheistic ancient Chinese religion, buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. 4,5% are adherents of Christianity, which includes Protestants, Catholics, Latter-day Saints and other.
TAIPEI CITY
Taipei is the capital of the Republic of china and the central city of the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Situated at the northern tip of the island, Taipei is located on the Danshui River, and is about 25km southwest of Keelung, its port on the Pacific Ocean.
The city proper is home to an estimated 2,618,772 people. Taipei, New Taipei, and Keelung together from the Taipei metropolitan area with a population of 6,900,273.
Taipei is the political, economic, and cultural center of Taiwan. the national Taiwan university is located in Taipei, as well as the National Palace Museum, which has one of the largest collections of Chinese artifacts and artworks in the world. considered to be a global city, Taipei is part of a major industrial area.
Taipei was founded in the early 18th century and became an important center for overseas trade in the 19th century. the Qing Dynasty in china made Taipei the provincial capital of Taiwan in 1886. When the Japanese acquired Taiwan in 1895 after the First Sino-Japanese Was, they retained Taipei as the capital of the island, and also advanced an extensive uban planning in Taipei.
TAIWAN TAOYUAN INTERNATION AIRPORT
(TPE)
is an international airport located in Dayuan Township, Taoyuan County, Taiwan. it is one of four Taiwanese airports with regular international flights, ans is by far the busiest international air entry point amongst them.
It is the main international hub for China Airlines and EVA air. Opened in 1979, the airport was know as Chiang Kai-shek International Airport or CKS International Airport until the name was changed in 2006 to its current name.
Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport is one of two airports that serves Taipei and the rest of northern Taiwan. The other is Taipes Songshan Airport, located within Taipi City limits, which served Taipei as its internation ariport until 1979.
Taiwan Taoyuan handled a total of 25,114,418 passengers in 2010. it is the fifteenth-busiet air freight hub in the world and thirteenth-busiest airport by internation passenger traffic.
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